1. Sound Insulation Testing in New Construction Buildings

To ensure adequate sound insulation in new construction buildings, several tests are carried out:

• Airborne Sound Insulation: Evaluates the ability of construction elements to attenuate airborne sound between different rooms.

• Facade Insulation: Determines the effectiveness of the facades in reducing the transmission of exterior noise to the interior of the building.

• Impact noise insulation: Measures the ability of floor slabs and floors to minimize the noise generated by impacts, such as footsteps or falling objects.

In addition, the correct acoustic insulation of machine rooms, such as elevators, garage doors and ventilation systems, is verified to prevent the propagation of disturbing noise to living areas.

These tests are performed in accordance with standards such as UNE EN ISO 16283-1:2015, which establishes procedures for measuring in situ sound insulation in buildings and construction elements.

2. Previous Vibration Studies

When a building is exposed to possible sources of vibrations, such as rail traffic or heavy machinery, it is essential to carry out previous studies to evaluate their impact on the structure and on the comfort of the occupants. These studies allow the design of construction solutions that mitigate vibrations and avoid future problems.

3. Noise Studies and Sound Insulation Improvement Projects in Commercial Premises

Commercial premises that may generate high noise levels should carry out acoustic studies to ensure that they do not adversely affect neighbors. If it is detected that the existing insulation is insufficient, improvement projects are developed to comply with the permitted noise immission levels.

Applicable Regulations

Noise insulation and vibration control regulations cover different levels:

• State regulations: Law 37/2003, of November 17, 2003, on Noise, establishes the basis for protection against noise pollution in Spain.

• Autonomous community regulations: Each autonomous community may have specific laws, such as Law 7/2002, of December 3, 2002, on protection against noise pollution in the Valencian Community.

• Municipal regulations: Municipalities usually have ordinances that regulate noise and establish specific requirements for buildings and commercial activities.

• ISO standards: International standards, such as ISO 16283-1 or ISO 12354-1, provide guidelines for the measurement and evaluation of sound insulation in buildings.